The most profound clinical feature of anorexia nervosa is dramatic weight loss. Anorexia nervosa can be conceptualised as a disorder of control and denial; the rigid control of food intake and weight is thought to cause or prevent a life event or mood (e.g., attract romance, reduce anxiety, deter abuse) [885]. Although not all of the physical symptoms will be noticeable, AOD workers should be aware of the potential medical complications. These are primarily related to starvation and malnutrition and include [879, 882, 886]:
- Fatigue.
- Low blood pressure.
- Abdominal pain or discomfort, constipation.
- Cold sensitivity or intolerance.
- Lethargy or hyperactivity.
- Loss of hair.
- Dry skin.
- Lanugo hair on the body (e.g., fine hairs on the back, face, arms).
- Bruising.
- Loss of menstruation.
- Dehydration.
- Neurological abnormalities.
- Osteoporosis.
- Slowed heart rate.
A thorough assessment of anorexia nervosa needs to include a comprehensive physical exam in order to identify any potential medical complications or other abnormalities that require immediate medical attention [882].